SECTION 1. The International Executive Council shall appoint a Committee on Appeals to consist of five (5) members of the Council or the International Executive Board. The Committee on Appeals shall have the power to decide all appeals from Local Unions and their members in any matter relating to the application of this Constitution or the By-Laws of the Local Union. When the decision of the Committee on Appeals is unanimous, such decision may be appealed only to the next International Convention, except only that the Council may, on its motion, decide to review the appeal, and upon such review, may affirm, overrule or modify the decision of the Committee on Appeals. When the decision of the Committee on Appeals is not unanimous, any party to the dispute may, as a matter or right, appeal such decision to the full Council. The decision of the Council may be appealed only to the International Convention.

SECTION 2. Any member in good standing may, after exhausting available remedies in his/her Local Union, appeal to the International Union (a) from any action or decision of his/her Local Union which he/ she believes to be in violation of this Constitution or of the by-laws of his/her Local Union; or (b) from any decision of his/her Local Union pursuant to ARTICLE XX or ARTICLE XXI of this Constitution; or (c) from any other act or decision which, under this Constitution or his/her Local by-laws, is subject to appeal to the International Union.

SECTION 3. Unless otherwise provided in this Constitution or in his/her Local by-laws, the appellant must file his/her appeal in writing with the International Secretary-Treasurer within thirty (30) days after the decision or action from which the appeal is taken, except only that the Committee on Appeals may extend such filing period for good cause.

SECTION 4. An appeal to the International Executive Council shall be filed no later than twenty (20) days after notice of the decision of the Committee on Appeals. An appeal to the International Convention shall be filed no later than thirty (30) days after notice of the decision being appealed.

SECTION 5. When any act or decision of a Local Union is reversed or modified on appeal, the International Executive Council may in its discretion require the Local Union to compensate the appellant for any loss incurred as a result of the reversed or modified decision.