Here is some sage advice for members called into a hearing, whether it be a formal trial as in the railroads, a fact-finding, or an informal meeting that might lead to discipline.

1. Request union representation if you are required to take part in a hearing. In fact, request union representation anyway. Your rights will be protected.

2. Listen to the questions carefully so that you will not try to answer before you know what has been asked. If you don't understand the question, ask that it be clarified for you.

3. Do not lose your temper or show excessive emotion.

4. Do not be sarcastic, if the person questioning you or another employee starts to "needle" you. You will do yourself the best service by remaining calm and self-controlled.

5. Do not let any questioner lead you into statements of facts of which you do not have full knowledge. Tell only the facts you do know - do not be led into speculation based on what's been said.

6. Do not volunteer information - just answer the question.

7. Do not try to testify as to facts on a second-hand or "hearsay" basis. Testify only on what you positively know to be a fact.

8. Do not argue with the person questioning you. Answer the questions and then be silent. If asked, "Is there anything you would like to add," either give more facts or say "No". Do not offer your opinion.

9. If you do not know the answer to a question when you are sure you understand it, say 'I don't know." No other answer will do as well.

10. Do not hesitate to say "I don't remember", if that is the truth. There are times when facts once well-known to an individual will partly or completely pass from memory.

11. Do not let anyone questioning you get you to make a "yes" or "no" answer unless it is correct. If your answer needs further explanation, state your reply accordingly, and respectfully, but firmly indicate that you do not believe the "yes" or "no" by itself would be a truthful statement.

12. If you are required to make a written statement, always keep a copy of it for yourself for future reference.

13. If you have union representative (and you should), look to him/her for guidance.

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